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Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendarzte (BVKJ) Language: German Audience: parents, young people, educators, paediatricians and other interested members of the public The primary objective of the web site of the Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendarzte e.V. – BVKJ (Professional Association of Children's and Young People's Physicians) is to provide parents, educators, paediatricians and other interested members of the public with information on the subject of children's and young people's health. Apart from daily reports on vaccination and other issues, the web site also provides a comprehensive encyclopaedia on children's and young people's major diseases, including all the infectious diseases which can be prevented by vaccination. A main section of the web site is the chapter entitled "Impfen schutzt" (Vaccination as a safeguard). This contains comprehensive information on vaccination as well as current recommendations provided by the Vaccination Committee at the Robert Koch Institut in Berlin. Members of this Committee oversee this section of the web site. The pages address general questions on vaccination safety such as the correct time to receive vaccinations and possible contraindications and reactions to vaccination, as well as providing information on individual vaccines. The vaccination schedule for Germany can be printed from the site. The internet service is subject to permanent quality control. The content is regularly reviewed by an editing committee of the BVKJ and updated whenever necessary.

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's Global Health Program is focused on reducing global health inequities by accelerating the development, deployment, and sustainability of health interventions that will save lives and dramatically reduce the disease burden in developing countries. The Foundation has committed more than $1 billion to projects focused on the prevention and control of infectious disease. These grants are building coalitions between scientists, universities, non-profit agencies, and private industry to ensure that all children have access to vaccines and that new drugs, vaccines, and diagnostics are developed and deployed. The website includes a number of story galleries and slides shows.

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Canadian Coalition for Immunization Awareness and Promotion (CCIAP) Language: English and French Audience: Parents, adults, health professionals in Canada The Canadian Coalition for Immunization Awareness & Promotion (CCIAP) is a partnership of national non-governmental, professional health, consumer, government and private sector organizations. Its overall aim is to increase awareness about the benefits of immunization and promote the understanding and use of vaccines as recommended by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization. Through its website, CCIAP helps inform Canadians (health care professionals and the general public) about immunization by offering a range of resources including publications, policy statements, a bi-monthly newsletter, and links to outside web-based references. The website also provides access to a plethora of promotional materials which are downloadable free of charge and are available in both official languages of Canada, English and French.

Canadian Paediatric Society's "Caring for Kids" This website, developed by the Canadian Paediatric Society, provides information about immunizations and infectious diseases for parents. Caring for Kids is designed to provide parents with information about their child's health and well-being.

Centro Nazionale di Epidemiologia Sorveglianza, Promozione della Salute, Instituto Superiore di Sanita (EpiCentro) Language: Italian Audience : health-care professionals, physicians, veterinary surgeons, nurses and any other technical or counseling professionals working in health institutions at the national, regional or local level. Regular visitors also include family associations and the general public. EpiCentro is the website of the National Center of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion (Cnesps) of the National Institute of Health (ISS) in Italy. Targeted mainly at health-care professionals, the objective of the website is to provide access to epidemiological information while, at the same time, facilitating resource-sharing at a local level. The EpiCentro homepage contains information on diverse public health issues. The ISS's National Center of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion promotes research and development in the fields of epidemiology and biostatistics. At the same time, the center has, as an objective, the application of research findings to public health programs aimed at protecting human health and assessing health services.

Communication Initiative The Communication Initiative is a partnership between The Rockefeller Foundation, BBC World Service Trust, CFSC Consortium, The CHANGE Project, CIDA, Exchange, FAO, Ford Foundation, Johns Hopkins University Center for Communication Programs, OneWorld, The Panos Institute, PCI, Soul City, The Synergy Project, UNAIDS, UNICEF, USAID, and WHO. The Initiative publishes an international health newsletter as part of an email and web network, sign up here.

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Doctors Without Borders Médecins Sans Frontières (also known as Doctors Without Borders or MSF) delivers emergency aid to victims of armed conflict, epidemics, and natural and man-made disasters, and to others who lack health care due to social or geographical isolation. MSF was founded in 1971 by a small group of French doctors who believed that all people have the right to medical care regardless of race, religion, creed or political affiliation, and that the needs of these people supersede respect for national borders. MSF is an international network with sections in 18 countries. Each year, more than 2,500 volunteer doctors, nurses, other medical professionals, logistics experts, water/sanitation engineers, and administrators join 15,000 locally hired staff to provide medical aid in more than 80 countries.

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European Vaccine Manufacturers EVM is a specialized group within the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA). EVM was established to promote a favourable climate for expanded vaccine protection and improved vaccine coverage in Europe, and to help sustain the innovative research and development capability of vaccine manufacturers in Europe. Their website has a number of resources for the public and providers.

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GAVI Alliance GAVI is a partnership of public and private organizations dedicated to increasing children's access worldwide to immunization against life-threatening diseases. Through The Vaccine Fund, GAVI provides considerable financial resources to countries to purchase vaccines and other supplies and to support the operational costs of immunization. GAVI has developed an online resource for GAVI partners, international donors, policy-makers, health planners, immunization programme managers, and researchers that seek and share information about immunization financing, available at: www.who.int/immunization_financing/en For more information, email: info@gavialliance.org.

Global Polio Eradication Initiative This global polio partnership is spearheaded by the World Health Organization, Rotary International, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). Polio News is the initiative's monthly email newsletter.

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Health Protection Agency, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland The Health Protection Agency website includes vaccine coverage statistics for the United Kingdom, and immunization-related guidelines and training resources for health professionals. Disease-specific pages provide information on vaccine-preventable diseases. The HPA is a national organization for England and Wales dedicated dedicated to protecting people's health and reducing the impact of infectious diseases, chemical hazards, poisons and radiation hazards.

Hib Initiative The Hib Initiative unites experts from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization to advance evidence-informed decision-making regarding the introduction and use of Hib vaccination in the developing world.

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Immunisation Advisory Centre (IMAC) Audience: parents and care givers, health-care professionals and journalists. The Immunisation Advisory Centre (IMAC) is a non-government organisation based at the School of Population Health at The University of Auckland. The aim of the IMAC web site is to provide New Zealanders with a local source of independent and factual information including benefits and risks regarding immunisation, and vaccine-preventable disease. The information provided is based on international and New Zealand medical research and is supported by a large network of health professionals.

Immunise Australia The website of the Australian government's immunization program, which provides information about immunisation and Australian immunisation standards, including translations of some materials. See fact sheets and publications for further information.

Impfbrief.de Language: German Audience: German-speaking health-care professionals, the media and interested members of the public The aim of this web site is to be an essential source of latest news on vaccines and vaccination. It includes background on vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine safety and scares. Information on payment of expenses related to vaccination within the German health-care system is also available. Obstacles to immunization are openly addressed. The latest scientific findings from literature or conferences are briefly described. Detailed reviews are provided by members of the website's scientific board or guest authors. Comments from editors or members of the scientific board are published to help readers' understanding. The site provides links to original sources wherever possible.

Impfkontrolle.de Language: German Audience: the general public (particularly parents, young people, adults, seniors and patients), the media and health-care professionals The aim of this web site is to provide up-to-date information about vaccination, categorized by target group. Background information on general immunization issues, vaccine-preventable diseases and the national immunization schedule for Germany are provided. Focus is given to specific topics, such as human papillovmavirus and rotavirus vaccination, on a regular basis. Information about payment of expenses related to vaccination within the German health-care system is also given.

Indian Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Immunisation (IAPCOI) Language: English. Audience: Pediatricians, parents, government agencies, industry and health care professionals in India. The Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) is the largest organization of pediatricians in India. This is the official website of IAP's Committee on Immunization (IAPCOI) to provide up-to-date information on vaccination to both general public and heath care professionals. It also includes information for travelers on vaccination.

InfoVac Language: French, German Audience: health-care professionals, the general public (including parents and patients) and the media. Via a user-friendly interface, this web site provides answers to questions concerning all the vaccines recommended in Switzerland. It is run by InfoVac, a network of experts led by the Medical Faculty of Geneva University. For professionals, the site provides a list of past and present vaccines, fact sheets for distribution to patients, and all official related documents and recommendations. Furthermore, health-care professionals from Switzerland may register to receive rapid responses from experts on any vaccine-related questions as well as monthly newsletters. For the public, the site provides information (including brochures, photos and videos) on vaccine-preventable diseases, vaccines, and immunization. There is a comprehensive section dealing with vaccine safety concerns, which includes frequently asked questions followed by substantiated scientific answers. All statements on www.infovac.ch are reviewed weekly or as often as needed.

International Finance Facility for Immunisation (IFFIm) IFFIm is a new multilateral development institution. The central aim of IFFIm is to help save more children's lives and to do so faster, in order to support the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. IFFIm has been designed to accelerate the availability of funds to be used for health and immunisation programmes through the GAVI Alliance (formerly the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation) in 70 of the poorest countries around the world. An anticipated IFFIm investment of US$4 billion is expected to help prevent five million child deaths between 2006 and 2015, and more than five million future adult deaths by protecting more than 500 million children in campaigns against measles, tetanus, and yellow fever.

International Vaccine Access Center (IVAC) The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health has established IVAC to increase access to lifesaving vaccines by overcoming many of the obstacles that often delay vaccine usage and distribution. IVAC will also serve as a source of vaccine policy information and analysis and will develop and use evidence to advocate for improved global health policies and their implementation. Projects undertaken by IVAC are supported by grants from the GAVI Alliance and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. For general inquiries, email: ivac@jhsph.edu

Vaccine Confidence Project From the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the purpose of the project is to monitor public confidence in immunization programs by building an information surveillance system for early monitoring and detection of public concerns around vaccines; applying a diagnostic tool to data collected to determine the risk level of public concerns in terms of their potential to disrupt vaccine programs; and, finally, by detecting public concerns early, to provide analysis and guidance for early response and engagement with the public to ensure sustained confidence in vaccines and immunization. This initiative is also defining a Vaccine Confidence Index (VCI) as a tool for countries.

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Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI) MVI is a global program of the international nonprofit organization PATH. MVI was established in 1999 through a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The mission of MVI is to accelerate the development of malaria vaccines and ensure their availability and accessibility in the developing world. To contact, email: info@malariavaccine.org

Measles & Rubella Initiative Founded in 2001 as the Measles Initiative, the Measles & Rubella Initiative is a global partnership committed to ensuring that no child dies from measles or is born with congenital rubella syndrome. It is led by the American Red Cross, the United Nations Foundation, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, UNICEF, and the World Health Organization. Other key players in the fight against measles include the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, and countries and governments affected by measles.

Murcia Salud Language: Spanish Audience : health professionals and the public This website's aim is to be an essential source of scientific public health information for the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia (Spain). The vaccination section includes official vaccination schedules, publications of interest, information about vaccination campaigns and immunization coverage, links to other web sites of interest, and many Question & Answer pages on the history, concept, effectiveness and safety of vaccines. The Murcia Salud web site is maintained by the Regional Government of Murcia. The section related to vaccines is revised and updated by members of the Health Protection Service and the Immunization Programme of Murcia whenever necessary, and particularly when relevant scientific papers appear or when modifications to the Immunization Program are introduced. The web site is funded exclusively by the Regional Government of Murcia.

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National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS) Language: English Audience: immunization providers, general public, students, government The role of the National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS) is to foster the translation and creation of evidence needed to inform best practice in the control of vaccine preventable diseases in Australia. The scope of the work of NCIRS includes clinical, epidemiologic and social research relevant to vaccine-preventable diseases. Resources provided on the NCIRS website include fact sheets on vaccine preventable diseases and vaccine safety, Australian vaccination coverage estimates, educational slide presentations, and a comprehensive list of publications produced by the Centre. The website also provides a description of the research groups within NCIRS.

National Immunisation Programme of the Health Service Executive of Ireland The Health Service Executive has overall responsibility for providing health and personal social services for the Republic of Ireland. This website provides accurate, up-to-date, factual information on childhood and adult immunization, in the context of the Irish National Immunisation Programme. There is a comprehensive section for health professionals which includes the national immunization guidelines, as well as disease-specific information and immunization schedules in a variety of languages. The site also includes a section on frequently asked questions as well as extensive links to national and international sites.

Network Italiano dei Servizi di Vaccinazione (NIV) Language: Italian (with some links to English documents) Audience: members of the public and health-care professionals The aim of the website of the Italian Network of Vaccination Services (NIV) is to provide information on vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine safety to both the general public and health-care professionals (in separate sections). The site was created with the dual purpose of answering parental concerns as well as offering a useful tool for health-care professionals involved in vaccination issues. Since 2001, the NIV has issued a weekly electronic newsletter that provides the abstracts of the latest scientific papers and other news on vaccination-related topics translated into Italian. Links are provided to the original abstract or full text article when available. The NIV was established in 2000 and represents a network of vaccination services of the Italian National Health System. The network is officially recognized by all of the regional governments in Italy.

NHS Immunisation Information The NHS (National Health Service) is responsible for providing health services in the public sector in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. A comprehensive website about immunization, vaccines and the diseases against which they protect. The site provides a guide to vaccinations for children, teens, and adults.

NHS Immunisation Scotland Audience: Parents, adults, young people, children and health professionals in Scotland Immunisation Scotland is a national resource that provides patients and members of the public with a range of useful information about immunisation in Scotland, be it for themselves, family, or friends. It is the official immunisation site of the national, public health service in Scotland. The site highlights why immunisation is important, when to immunise, what vaccines are available, and which diseases these protect against. The site has publications available to download in various languages, is accessible and has a question and answer section. One of the features is an interactive immunisation schedule which outlines which vaccines are available to children throughout their infancy and childhood years, which diseases these protect against, and when immunisation is offered. The site also includes a reference section to signpost health professionals to further information. The site is updated and reviewed on a regular basis by an editorial group of immunisation specialists.The site is provided for the NHS in Scotland and the Health Directorate of the Scottish Government by NHS (National Health Service) Health Scotland. NHS Health Scotland is Scotland's national agency for improving the health of Scotland and a Special Health Board of NHS Scotland.

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Oltásbiztonság Language: Hungarian Audience: health-care professionals, parents, and the general public. "Oltásbiztonság" (i.e. vaccine safety) is an open access web site which aims to provide reliable and evidence-based information on vaccines, safe immunization and immunization practices. The web site contains information targeted at parents and the general public on vaccine-preventable diseases and immunization for children and adults. For health-care professionals, it presents the national immunization schedule, information on bacterial and viral vaccines registered both in Hungary and centrally by the European Union, vaccine-related news of interest, and information on courses and conferences. Detailed information on registered vaccines can be accessed through hyperlinks to the database of the National Institute of Pharmacy. The protocol and reporting schemes of the National Surveillance System for Adverse Events Following Immunization are also published on the site. Materials on the site are prepared by experts of the National Center for Epidemiology (NCE) and reviewed by an editorial board composed of acknowledged professionals in the fields of vaccine control, microbiology and infectious disease epidemiology. Navigation tools are provided to facilitate searches.

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Pan American Health Organization PAHO is an international public health agency working to improve health and living standards of the countries of the Americas. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) is an international public health agency with 100 years of experience working to improve health and living standards of the people of the Americas. It is part of the United Nations system, serving as the Regional Office for the Americas of the World Health Organization, and as the health organization of the Inter-American System.

PATH's Vaccine Resource Library The Vaccine Resource Library offers a wide variety of high-quality, scientifically accurate documents and links on vaccine-preventable diseases and topics in immunization. In addition to resources developed at PATH, the library contains materials published by international leaders in public health, including the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the World Health Organization, the GAVI Alliance, and many others.

PneumoACTION PneumoACTION is a project of the International Vaccine Access Center at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. PneumoACTION works to improve child survival and health by accelerating the evaluation of and access to new, lifesaving pneumococcal vaccines for the world's children. The organization publishes an online newsletter titled PneumoFocus; click here to subscribe.

Public Health Agency of Canada Languages: English, French Audience: Members of the public and health-care providers The Public Health Agency of Canada is a federal agency working in collaboration with provinces and territories. The agency's website includes an immunization section that features links to the "Canadian Immunization Guide," vaccine safety questions and answers, National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) recommendations, immunization schedules and more.

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Red Cross/Red Crescent Societies The American Red Cross works with a global network of Red Cross, Red Crescent, and equivalent societies to restore hope and dignity to the world's vulnerable people. The Red Cross is one of the sponsors of the Measles Initiative.

Rijksvaccinatieprogramma (RVP) Language: Dutch, with a summary in English Audience: members of the public and health-care professionals The Rijksvaccinatieprogramma (National Vaccination Programme of the Netherlands) was established by the Dutch Government in 1957. The National Institute for Public Health and the Environment advises and evaluates the programme. It also coordinates communication to the public and health-care professionals, in collaboration with the Netherlands Vaccine Institute and the National Society of Regional Vaccination Administrations. The objective of the programme is to protect all children from dangerous or deadly infectious diseases. The Government invites parents to have their children vaccinated through the national vaccination programme although participation is not obligatory. The web site was commissioned by the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport. It provides information on the benefit of vaccinations, how vaccines work, and possible adverse reactions. It also gives a description of the infectious diseases against which the RVP protects. In addition, the site includes a section with frequently asked questions and another about the history of the Dutch vaccination programme. Moreover, it contains links for more information

Robert Koch Institute Language: German, some background information available in English Audience: general public, health-care providers and political decision-makers The RKI web site on vaccination includes original articles on prevention programmes, vaccine safety, frequently asked questions, the importance of vaccination, vaccination coverage and recommendations by the Standing Committee on Vaccination at the Robert Koch Institute (STIKO). Disease-specific pages provide additional information on vaccine-preventable diseases. Visitors can access more information through links provided. The Robert Koch Institute is the German federal institution responsible for disease control and prevention.

Rotary International Rotary is an international organization of business and professional leaders. In 1985, Rotary International launched PolioPlus, a commitment to eradicate polio. For more information about the PolioPlus program, click here or email: polioplus@rotaryintl.org.

Rotavirus Vaccine Program The mission of the Rotavirus Vaccine Program is to reduce child morbidity and mortality from diarrheal disease by accelerating the availability of rotavirus vaccines appropriate for use in developing countries. PATH established the program in 2003, with funding from GAVI and the Vaccine Fund. The program works in partnership with CDC and WHO.

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Safe Injection Global Network SIGN is composed of U.N. organizations, nongovernmental organizations, governments, donors, and universities sharing a common interest in a safe and appropriate use of injections with the intent to prevent the adverse effects of unsafe injection practices. SIGNpost is a weekly, electronic mail newsletter about safe and appropriate use of injections. To access, go to: www.who.int/injection_safety/newsletter/SIGNPost/en

Siemprevacunados Language: Spanish and Catalan Audience: health-care professionals and members of the public, especially residents of Spain Siemprevacunados.org is a web site of the Medical Association of Barcelona (COMB). It is funded by COMB and the European Commission project, Vaccine Safety - Attitudes, Training and Communication (VACSATC). It has the objective of providing useful information on immunization. The site includes official vaccination schedules and recommendations and links to other resources of interest. The Medical Association of Barcelona promotes research and development in fields such as ethics, quality of health information and new communication technologies.

South African Vaccination and Immunisation Centre (SAVIC) Language: English Audience: health officials, health-care workers, scientists, academics and the vaccine industry. The South African Vaccination and Immunisation Centre (SAVIC) was established in 2003 as a network of partners in the field of vaccination, immunization and vaccine-preventable diseases, and is an academic-public alliance between the University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, and the University of Antwerp, Belgium, with the South African Department of Health. The mission of SAVIC is to improve the health of future generations by strengthening immunization programmes and services. In order to achieve this, SAVIC advocates improved education and training in the fields of vaccination, immunization programmes and services, and the dissemination of information on the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs), nationally and abroad.

Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control (SMI) Language: Swedish Audience: health-care professionals and the general public The objective of the web site of the Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control (SMI) is to provide comprehensive information on infectious disease control that is both factual and easy to understand. The site includes extensive material on infectious diseases, immunization and vaccines. The national vaccination programme and schedule are presented, with texts on how vaccines work and vaccine safety and efficiency. Statistics for vaccine coverage and vaccine-preventable diseases are provided. There is also a section with frequently asked questions. Links to national and international sites of interest are listed on each page as well as in a separate list.

Szczepienia.info Language: Polish (with concise information in English for tourists visiting Poland) Audience: health-care professionals, parents, and the general public. The Szczepienia.info website presents accurate, up-to-date, evidence-based information on vaccines and vaccination practices in relation to the Polish vaccination schedule. Information on the website is presented in the form of questions and answers to encourage readers to ask questions on issues not addressed on the portal. Questions are grouped into chapters on general immunization topics, and standardized chapters devoted to diseases with vaccines registered in Poland. All chapters include references to a list of related publications, most of them being easily accessible through hyperlinks. Several navigation tools and an extensive glossary are aimed at improving the accessibility of site contents for the general public. Each text is prepared by medical consultants, and verified by editorial team members. Szczepienia.info has an advisory board composed of renowned experts in the field of vaccinology. All information on the site is freely accessible.

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Task Force for Global Health The Task Force is a nonprofit organization based in Decatur, Georgia. Since its inception 25 years ago, the task force works to convene people and organizations from public and private sectors to improve health conditions for children and families around the world. The task force implements programs to support better global health in the areas of infectious diseases, such as polio, malaria, river blindness, HIV/AIDS, and trachoma. It also helps public health organizations develop and implement information systems that support improved health and well-being in communities.

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UK Department of Health Immunisation is one of the most important weapons for protecting individuals and the community from serious diseases. The Department's immunisation team supports the public and health professionals by offering clear, evidence-based information about different diseases, the possible side effects of immunisation and available vaccines.

United Nations Children's Fund UNICEF is mandated by the United Nations General Assembly to advocate for the protection of children's rights, to help meet their basic needs and to expand their opportunities to reach their full potential. UNICEF's immunization information can be accessed on their "Immunization Plus" web page at: www.unicef.org/immunization/index.html

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Vaccines for Africa (VACFA) Language: English Audience: health-care professionals, parents, policy-makers, immunization programme managers, and the general public. The VACFA web site is intended to be an interactive forum for the exchange of accurate, up-to-date, evidence-based information on vaccines and immunization practices relevant to Africa. VACFA was formed in 2008 because of the belief of those responsible for the site that effective communication is an essential component of national immunization programmes in  Africa -- facilitating the mobilization of resources, encouraging participation and ownership of immunization services among a range of stakeholders, and leading to positive changes in knowledge and attitudes towards immunization in Africa.

Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board VHPB is an independent, international, multi-disciplinary group of experts working to focus attention on the importance of viral hepatitis and on how to prevent it. Fact sheets, reports, articles, and the publication Viral Hepatitis can be accessed from the website.

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World Health Organization The World Health Organization, the United Nations specialized agency for health, was established on April 7, 1948. WHO's objective, as set out in its Constitution, is the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. Health is defined in WHO's Constitution as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. For more information, visit WHO's Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals; WHO's Vaccines web page; and WHO's Vaccine Position Papers. Also, read the WHO's Weekly Epidemiological Record (WER).

This page was updated on March 5, 2013. Last reviewed on January 2, 2013.